Cambridge IELTS 18 Reading Test 4 Part 1 Questions Questions 1-5 Reading Passage 1 has five paragraphs, A-E.Which paragraph contains the following information?Choose the correct letter.NB You may use any letter more than once. A B C D E 1. mention of several challenges to be overcome before a green roof can be installed 2. reference to a city where green roofs have been promoted for many years 3. a belief that existing green roofs should be used as a model for new ones 4. examples of how green roofs can work in combination with other green urban initiatives 5. the need to make a persuasive argument for the financial benefits of green roofs Questions 6-9 Complete the summary.Write ONE WORD ONLY from the text in each gap. Advantages of green roofs City rooftops covered with greenery have many advantages. These include lessening the likelihood that floods will occur, reducing how much money is spent on 6. and creating environments that are suitable for wildlife. In many cases, they can also be used for producing 7. . There are also social benefits of green roofs. For example, the medical profession recommends 8. as an activity to help people cope with mental health issues. Studies have also shown that the availability of green spaces can prevent physical problems such as 9. . Questions 10-11 Choose TWO correct answers Which TWO advantages of using newer buildings for green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph C of the passage? a longer growing season for edible produce more economical use of water greater water-storage capacity ability to cultivate more plant types a large surface area for growing plants Questions 12-13 Choose TWO correct answers Which TWO aims of new variations on the concept of green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph E of the passage? to provide habitats for a wide range of species to grow plants successfully even in the wettest climates to regulate the temperature of the immediate environment to generate power from a sustainable source to collect water to supply other buildings Part 2 Questions Questions 14-16 Choose the correct answer. 14. What can we learn from the first paragraph? where the notion of innate intelligence first began when ideas about the nature of intelligence began to shift how scientists have responded to changing views of intelligence why thinkers turned away from the idea of intelligence being fixed None 15. The second paragraph describes how schools encourage students to identify their personal ambitions. help each other to realise their goals. have confidence in their potential to succeed. concentrate on where their particular strengths lie. None 16. In the third paragraph, the writer suggests that students with a fixed mindset tend to be less competitive. generally have a low sense of self-esteem. will only work hard if they are given constant encouragement. are afraid to push themselves beyond what they see as their limitations. None Questions 17-22 Look at the following statements and the list of people below.Match each statement with the correct person or people, A-E. Choose the correct letter (A – E) for each item.NB You may use any letter more than once. List of PeopleA Alfred BinetB Carol DweckC Andrew GelmanD Timothy BatesE David Yeager and Gregory Walton A B C D E 17. The methodology behind the growth mindset studies was not strict enough. 18. The idea of the growth mindset has been incorrectly interpreted. 19. Intellectual ability is an unchangeable feature of each individual. 20. The growth mindset should be promoted without students being aware of it. 21. The growth mindset is not simply about boosting students’ morale. 22. Research shows that the growth mindset has no effect on academic achievement. Questions 23-26 Choose YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer, choose NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer, or choose NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this.23.Dweck has handled criticisms of her work in an admirable way. YES NO NOT GIVEN None 24. Students’ self-perception is a more effective driver of self-confidence than actual achievement is. YES NO NOT GIVEN None 25. Recent evidence about growth mindset interventions has attracted unfair coverage in the media. YES NO NOT GIVEN None 26. Deliberate attempts to encourage students to strive for high achievement may have a negative effect. YES NO NOT GIVEN None Part 3 Questions Questions 27-30 Choose YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer, choose NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer, or choose NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this. 27. Wegener’s ideas about continental drift were widely disputed while he was alive. YES NO NOT GIVEN None 28. The idea that the continents remained fixed in place was defended in a number of respected scientific publications. YES NO NOT GIVEN None 29. Wegener relied on a limited range of scientific fields to support his theory of continental drift YES NO NOT GIVEN None 30. The similarities between Wegener’s theory of continental drift and modern-day plate tectonics are enormous. YES NO NOT GIVEN None Questions 31-36 Complete the summary below using the list of words, A-J. Write the correct letter A-J in the blanks. A modest fame B vast range C record-breaking achievement D research methods E select group F professional interests G scientific debate H hazardous exploration I biographer’s perspective J narrow investigation Wegener’s life and work One of the remarkable things about Wegener from a 31. is that although he proposed a theory of continental drift, he was not a geologist. His 32. were limited to atmospheric physics. However, at the time he proposed his theory of continental drift in 1912, he was already a person of 33. . Six years previously, there had been his 34. of 52 hours in a hot-air balloon, followed by his well-publicised but 35. of Greenland’s coast. With the publication of his textbook on thermodynamics, he had also come to the attention of a 36. of German scientists. None Questions 37-40 Choose the correct answer. 37. What is Mott T Greene doing in the fifth paragraph? describing what motivated him to write the book explaining why it is desirable to read the whole book suggesting why Wegener pursued so many different careers indicating what aspects of Wegener’s life interested him most None 38. What is said about Wegener in the sixth paragraph? He was not a particularly ambitious person. He kept a record of all his scientific observations. He did not adopt many of the scientific practices of the time. He enjoyed discussing new discoveries with other scientists. None 39. What does Greene say about some other famous scientists? Their published works had a greater impact than Wegener’s did. They had fewer doubts about their scientific ideas than Wegener did. Their scientific ideas were more controversial than Wegener’s. They are easier subjects to write about than Wegener. None 40. What is Greene’s main point in the final paragraph? It is not enough in life to have good intentions. People need to plan carefully if they want to succeed. People have little control over many aspects of their lives. It is important that people ensure they have the freedom to act. None Time's up
